In the set up of a modern market economy, there are many factors, which contribute to unemployment. Causes of unemployment are varied and it may be due to the following factors: rapid changes in technology, recessions, inflation, disability and etc. Today every third person in the world capable of working does not work or has casual or seasonal employment. The problem of unemployment is a major socio-economic problem of our time. It should be noted that Ukraine has been facing the problem of unemployment since the beginning of market reform (in 1990s). According to the State Employment service the number of unemployed people is growing. Firstly, it is accompanied by poverty, significant deterioration of population’s living standards. Secondly, the inability to find work in the homeland makes youth look for a job abroad, which leads to the outflow of labor force. Employment opportunities outside Ukraine used to be quite real, but now, during the world economic crisis, the governments of the European Union countries and the CIS, where Ukrainian citizens often worked, are trying to preserve jobs for their own citizens by reducing the number of legal employment for foreigners. All these factors lead to destruction of the nation. Having this in mind, we need to take a whole set of measures against unemployment.